1. 安装 docker-compose

方法一（速度稍微快一些）

sudo curl -L https://get.daocloud.io/docker/compose/releases/download/1.25.1/docker-compose-`uname -s`-`uname -m` -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose

方法二

curl -SL https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/v2.6.0/docker-compose-linux-x86_64 -O docker-compose

2. 命令与参数：`command`

使用 command 参数，例如下列的配置，传入内部的命令会是：entrypoint -l 8080 -u 172.17.0.1 -p 30010

version: '3' 
services:
  extract-frame:
    image: triton_warps:warps-v1.1.0.2
    container_name: triton_warps_http
    working_dir: /
    command: ["-l", "8080", "-u", "172.17.0.1", "-p", "30010"]
    ports:
      - "30018:8080"
    privileged: true
    user: root
    network_mode: bridge

2. 指定容器使用的网关

每次使用 docker-compose.yml 启动容器的时候，都会创建一个临时的 network，可以通过 network_mode 指定网桥。

version: '3' 
services:
  hello-world:
    image: helloworld:1.0
    container_name: hello-world_0
    network_mode: bridge

3. 删除临时 volumes

删除docker-compose 创建的命名 volume：

docker-compose down -v

如果在 docker-compose.yml 文件中配置了单独的 volumes，那么就可以使用这个命令删除。

例如下面的配置中，就有这么一个 volumes 配置，不要都不行，服务会跑不起来：

version: "3"
services:

  db:
    image: postgres:14
    environment:
      POSTGRES_DB: wiki
      POSTGRES_PASSWORD: wikijsrocks
      POSTGRES_USER: wikijs
    logging:
      driver: "none"
    restart: unless-stopped
    volumes:
      - db-data:/var/lib/postgresql/data

  wiki:
    image: requarks/wiki:2
    depends_on:
      - db
    environment:
      DB_TYPE: postgres
      DB_HOST: db
      DB_PORT: 5432
      DB_USER: wikijs
      DB_PASS: wikijsrocks
      DB_NAME: wiki
    restart: unless-stopped
    ports:
      - "32180:3000"

volumes:
  db-data:

帮助信息：

Usage: down [options]

Options:
    --rmi type              Remove images. Type must be one of:
                              'all': Remove all images used by any service.
                              'local': Remove only images that don't have a
                              custom tag set by the `image` field.
    -v, --volumes           Remove named volumes declared in the `volumes`
                            section of the Compose file and anonymous volumes
                            attached to containers.
    --remove-orphans        Remove containers for services not defined in the
                            Compose file
    -t, --timeout TIMEOUT   Specify a shutdown timeout in seconds.
                            (default: 10)

4. 限制日志文件大小

参考：

https://docs.docker.com/config/containers/logging/configure/#configure-the-logging-driver-for-a-container https://stackoverflow.com/questions/39078715/specify-max-log-json-file-size-in-docker-compose

在docker-compose.yml 中限制日志大小

version: '3' 
services:
  service_name:
    image: image_name
    logging:
      driver: "json-file"
      options:
        max-size: "512m"
        max-file: "2"

限制 docker 日志缓存的大小为 512M，最多也2个日志文件。默认只有一个文件，当日志文件达到 512M后，会从0开始重新日入数据。

5. 修改 MTU

参考：https://github.com/containerbuildsystem/osbs-box/issues/57

有的虚拟机的 MTU 是 1450，而 docker 默认的网卡是 1500，所以需要修改 docker 的 MTU 为 1450

networks:
  default:
    driver: bridge
    driver_opts:
      com.docker.network.driver.mtu: 1450

6. build

执行 docker-compose build 的时候，自动把build 之后的镜像命名为 image 字段定义的名字。

version: "3.9"
services:
  dog_zoo:
    restart: unless-stopped
    env_file:
      - .env
    image: dog_zoo
    build:
      context: ./
      dockerfile: ./Dockerfile
      network: host
    container_name: dog_zoo

7. entrypoint

version: "3.9"
services:
  dog_zoo:
    restart: unless-stopped
    entrypoint: /entrypoint.sh

8. 限制 CPU 数量

version: '3'
services:
    deploy:
      replicas: 1
      resources:
        reservations:
          cpus: '5' # 预留2个
        limits:
          cpus: '5' # 最多5个

限制CPU和内存来源：https://javahowtos.com/guides/124-docker/429-limit-container-memory-and-cpu-usage-in-docker-compose.html

services:
  service:
    image: nginx
    deploy:
        resources:
            limits:
              cpus: 0.50
              memory: 1024M
            reservations:
              cpus: 0.25
              memory: 256M

9. 指定GPU

version: '3'
services:
    deploy:
      replicas: 1
      resources:
        reservations:
          devices:
          - driver: nvidia
            device_ids: ['1']
            capabilities: [gpu]

docker-compose.yml 配置