参考：https://gist.github.com/onjin/2dd3cc52ef79069de1faa2dfd456c945

1. docker-compose.yml 配置

version: "3.9"
services:
 pic_postgres:
  image: postgres:14.4-alpine
  container_name: pic_postgres
  restart: always
  environment:
      POSTGRES_USER: web
      POSTGRES_PASSWORD: 642a4dc6-cc76-4ebb-b828-f2c6125911a4
  ports:
    - 53432:5432
  volumes:
    - ./postgresql/data:/var/lib/postgresql/data
    - ./postgresql/init.sql:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/init.sql

• ./postgresql/data - 存放数据库数据的目录
• ./postgresql/init.sql - 初始化数据库的 sql 脚本，创建数据库，及数据库表结构等操作

2. 测试 PG 的状态

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/46516584/docker-check-if-postgres-is-ready

核心命令：pg_isready

DOCKER_CONTAINER_NAME="mypgcontainer"
timeout 90s bash -c "until docker exec $DOCKER_CONTAINER_NAME pg_isready ; do sleep 5 ; done"